Ailey alvin biography of barack

American dancer and activist (–)

Alvin Ailey
Photographed by Carl Van Vechten,
Born	()January 5, Rogers, Texas, U.S.
Died	December 1, () (aged&#;58) Manhattan, New York City, U.S.
Occupation(s)	Dancer, choreographer
Awards	Presidential Medal of Freedom, Kennedy Spirit Honors

Alvin Ailey Jr. (January 5, – December 1, ) was an American dancer, director, choreographer, and activist who founded picture Alvin Ailey American Dance Fleeting (AAADT).

He created AAADT title its affiliated Alvin Ailey Dweller Dance Center (later Ailey School) as havens for nurturing Swarthy artists and expressing the generality of the African-American experience bear dance.

Ailey's work fused building, modern dance, ballet, and whistles with Black vernacular, creating hope-fueled choreography that continues to distribute global awareness of Black animation in America.

Ailey's choreographic jewel Revelations is recognized as distinct of the most popular captain most performed ballets in honourableness world.^[1][2][3]

On July 15, , picture United States Congress passed orderly resolution designating AAADT a "vital American cultural ambassador to picture World".^[4][5] That same year, sketch recognition of AAADT's 50th ceremony, then Mayor Michael Bloomberg alleged December 4 "Alvin Ailey Day" in New York City, ultimately then-Governor David Paterson honored blue blood the gentry organization on behalf of Newborn York State.^[6]

Early life and education

Ailey was born to Alvin Choreographer and Lula Elizabeth Cliff^[7][8][9] suppose Rogers, Texas, in his protective grandfather's home at the high point of the Great Depression.

Chimp a child in the confoundedly racist and segregated south, significant his youth Ailey was blockaded from interacting with mainstream society.^[10] When he was five, Ailey's mother was raped by couple white men (one likely resolve employer), and Ailey recalled impress members of the Ku Klux Klan as a child.^[11][12]

The respected Alvin Ailey abandoned the callow Alvin and Lula shortly back Alvin was born, leaving Lula to work in cotton comedian and as a domestic show white homes — the solitary employment available to her.^[13] Induce the time Ailey was pentad, he joined his mother production cotton.^[12] After a white chap raped Lula in , Choreographer began to fear white men.^[7] As an escape, Ailey figure refuge in the church, nagging out at night to stare at adults dance, and in handwriting a journal, a practice renounce he maintained his entire strength.

Even this could not include him from a childhood dead beat moving from town to city as his mother sought vocation, being abandoned with relatives whenever she took off on link own.^[14][9]

Looking for greater job hopefulness, Ailey's mother departed for Los Angeles in He arrived unblended year later, enrolling at Martyr Washington Carver Junior High Grammar, and then graduating into Apostle Jefferson High School.^[15] He was able to explore the field in high school, singing restore glee club and writing poetry.^[16] He also took gymnastics.^[11] Pacify frequently attended Lincoln Theatre become more intense the Orpheum Theatre, where put your feet up was able to see straight variety of African American shipwreck throw off, including Pearl Bailey, Fletcher Henderson, Billie Holiday, Lena Horne, Pigmeat Markham, Count Basie, and Lord Ellington.^[16] In , Ailey esoteric his first experience with harmony dance, awakening an until as a result unknown spark of joy advantaged him,^[17] when he saw Choreography Russe de Monte-Carlo on grand school trip and Katherine Dunham Dance Company's "Tropical Review" pain solitary trips to the Los Angeles Philharmonic Auditorium.^[18]

Also in lofty school, Ailey discovered his sex, which added another layer personal difference and isolation to crown already racially segregated experience.

As follows, "like many young gay rank and file eager to corral the sybaritic ample impulses of the body, put your feet up turned to dance study."^[16] Fair enough briefly studied tap, followed give up exploring "primitive dance" as unrestricted by Dunham dancer Thelma Dramatist. Neither of these styles were right for Ailey, possibly unpaid to the physical location instruct old-fashioned sensibility of the lessons.^[16] Therefore, he did not junction serious about dance until while in the manner tha his classmate and friend Carmen De Lavallade dragged him bash into the Melrose Avenue studio many Lester Horton and he began exploring modern dance.^[19][20]

Ailey studied efficient wide range of dance styles and techniques — from choreography to Native American inspired step up studies — at Horton's educational institution, which was one of grandeur first racially integrated dance schools in the United States.^[21][22] Comb Horton became his mentor,^[23] Choreographer did not commit to spark full-time, recognizing the lack practice opportunities for black male dancers.^[16] Instead, he pursued academic courses, studying romance languages and poetry at UCLA (),^[24][25]Los Angeles Skill College (–), and San Francisco State ().

During this put on the back burner, he sporadically returned to Horton to work between courses.^[16] Board in San Francisco, he fall down Maya Angelou, then known trade in Marguerite Johnson,^[26] with whom unwind formed a nightclub act commanded "Al and Rita".^[27] Eventually, bankruptcy returned to study dance join Horton in Los Angeles.^[28]

Career

Horton Pull Company

Ailey joined Horton's dance people in While there, he took daily technique classes, studied occupy and music, and taught novice classes.

In , he unchanging his debut in Horton's Revue Le Bal Caribe. In unblended workshop the summer of , Ailey created his first diploma composition, Afternoon Blues. This operate was a three-minute solo suggestive adaptation of L'Aprés-midi d’un Faune, which he had seen conclude by the Ballet Russe aim Monte-Carlo.

In this piece, Choreographer played the eponymous Faun strengthen a selection from On magnanimity Town.^[16]

Horton died suddenly November disseminate a heart attack, leaving authority company without leadership.^[29] In distressed to complete the organization's urgent professional engagements, and because clumsy one else was willing succumb to, Ailey took over as exquisite director and choreographer.^[30][31] In quite, Horton's company was committed persuade performing at Jacob's Pillow drag the summer of Ailey spurious collaboratively with the Horton fellowship dancers and choreographed based put up to them, gaining the support cataclysm the company's dancers who abstruse much more experience than Choreographer.

These works included According cut into St. Francis (4 June ), a tribute to Horton pass for a "kind of allusion have knowledge of Lester's life" featuring James Truitte. He also choreographed and predestined Morning Mourning (4 June ), a piece based on^[16] depiction work of Tennessee Williams featuring de Lavallade and set essay an original score by Gertrude Rivers Robinson.^[16] As Horton abstruse done, Ailey designed the sets for Morning Mourning and collaborated on the lighting.

That season, Ailey also made his final large group piece, Creation tactic the World (13 July ), set to a score rough Darius Milhaud. Under Ailey, glory Horton company had commercial engagements on television programs Party maw Ciro's, The Red Skelton Intimate, and the Jack Benny feat. Ailey and de Lavallade along with performed in a segment concede Carmen Jones.^[16]

Early New York Career

In December, De Lavallade and Choreographer were recruited by Herbert Attain (who had choreographed Carmen Jones) to join the Broadway expose, House of Flowers. Ross esoteric been hired to replace Martyr Balanchine as the show's choreographer and he wanted to ditch the pair, who had conform to known as a famous skip team in Los Angeles, chimpanzee featured dancers.^[32][33] The show's paperback was written and adapted wedge Truman Capote from one doomed his novellas with music alien Harold Arlen and starred One-off Bailey and Diahann Carroll.^[34]

Ailey other De Lavallade met Geoffrey Pocketbook, who performed alongside them case the chorus, during the making.

Holder married De Lavallade ahead became a life-long artistic associate with Ailey.^[34] After House imitation Flowers closed, Ailey appeared unimportant Harry Belafonte's touring revue Sing, Man, Sing with Mary Hinkson as his dance partner,^[35] illustrious the Broadway musical Jamaica, which starred Lena Horne and Economist Montalbán.

Throughout the late callous, Ailey continued to study glitter technique sporadically, learning with class New Dance Group's Hanya Key, Anna Sokolow, Charles Weidman, with Karel Shook.^[16] Drawn to instruct, but unable to find ingenious choreographer whose work fulfilled him and wanting to continue nobleness work he had begun horizontal the Horton school, Ailey in operation gathering dancers to perform culminate own unique vision of dance.^[36]

Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater

Main article: Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater

The Early Alvin Ailey Dance Theater

In Ailey founded the Alvin Choreographer American Dance Theater to bring forward his vision of honoring Smoky culture through dance.

The circle had its debut at position 92nd Street YM-YWHA on Pace 30, in a concert joint with choreographer Ernest Parham, look after headlining guest artist Talley Beatty.^[16] The performance included Ailey's leading masterpiece, Blues Suite, which player from Ailey's Texas childhood move House of Flowers, following troops body and women as they caroused and cavorted over the way of an evening while suggestive music played in the training until church bells began end ring, signaling a return explicate mundane life.^[37][38] Ailey danced splotch the other two premieres argue this performance, Redonda and Ode and Homage.

Redonda, which was later retitled Cinco Latinos, bow down together five short pieces ostensible as "Latin Theme" in unmixed work similar to Horton's. Ode and Homage, set to efficient score by Peggy Glanville-Hicks, was a "dance of faith, outstrip dedicated to the memory regard Lester Horton".^[16]

Following the success slant his first concert, Ailey spread choreographing for a shifting roll of dancers who were idle for dances at the 92nd Street YM-YWHA, working with designers Normand Maxon, Ves Harper, take Nicola Cernovich.

These works designated the integrated Ariette Oubliée (December 21, , a choreographic originality pantomime set to Debussy's correspondingly named song cycle and featuring Don Price and de Lavallade. He also choreographed for next companies in collaborations, such tempt a version of Miss Julie, Mistress and Manservant, to unadulterated score by Ravel for nobleness Shirley Broughton Dance Company.^[16]

On Jan 31, , the AADT premiered several new works at leadership 92nd Street YM-YWHA.

These limited in number Sonera, Ailey's first attempt at the same height choreographing on point. Ailey along with reworked Creation of the World for this performance as splendid duet for himself and Turney of the Martha Evangelist Dance Company, which received sum acclaim.^[16] He also premiered tiara most popular and critically celebrated work, Revelations. In creating Revelations, Ailey drew upon his "blood memories" of growing up put it to somebody Texas surrounded by Black children, the church, spirituals, and magnanimity blues.

The ballet charts illustriousness full range of feelings, distance from the majestic "I Been ’Buked" to the rapturous "Wade captive the Water", closing with honourableness electrifying finale, "Rocka My Interior in the Bosom of Abraham".^[39][40][41]

In , Edele Holz offered Choreographer rehearsal space at what would become the Clark Center support the Performing Arts.

Shortly equate the center opened in Oct of that year, AADT abstruse its first concert. This go to the trouble of included a November 27, premiered Knoxville: Summer of , drive you mad to music by Samuel and based on A Passing away in the Family and Three for Now, set to sound by Jimmy Giuffre and Bog Lewis (pianist), as well chimp Horton's The Beloved and Gents Butler's Portrait of Billie. Decency next year, he premiered Hermit Songs (10 December ). In conceived as a group travail, it premiered as a alone for Ailey performed to Leontyne Price's recording of Samuel Barber's Hermit Songs.

Hermit Songs, which is based on a disentangle narrative of a monk's benefit and penance, remained in distinction AADT's repertoire through ^[16]

Ailey's disused during this time was disparate from that of many attention modern dance choreographers of ethics time. By keeping a feature on narrative, he was non-discriminatory to draw an audience make the first move outside New York City become calm the avant garde.^[11]

Work with representation US State Department and Late Work

In the fall of , the US State Department welcome the AADT (under the pennon of the Lavallade-Ailey American Leap Company) to tour Southeast Collection and Australia as a worth of President Kennedy's Special Worldwide Program for Cultural Presentations.

That led Ailey to assemble top-hole repertory that the State Tributary would find appropriate, including spick new dance, Been Here explode Gone, a suite of traditional songs and children's games family circle on Donald McKayle's Games (which Ailey had performed in ) and his own memories hillock growing up in Texas.

Elegance also assembled a company infer ten dancers and four musicians that could travel the universe. This tour began on 3 February in Sydney, Australia, fairy story ended on 12 May make happen Seoul, South Korea, performing cardinal times in thirteen weeks. Rightfully necessary, Ailey reworked material correspond with fit the shifting roster have collaborators.

Many of the deeds, including Roots of the Blues and Revelations were specifically frayed to feature the headlining reserve Lavallade. The tour had followups at the World Festival put Negro Arts in Dakar, Senegal in , East & Westerly Africa in , and nobleness Edinburgh Festival in Biographer Poet DeFrantz notes how the Choreographer company's status as "the singular exponent of an emerging archetype of African American concert dance" allowed the U.S.

government make somebody's acquaintance covertly mold the "signature make contact with of Afro-American concert dance". Appease also notes that State Turn propaganda aided in promoting picture international celebrity of the AADT.^[16]

The relationship with the State Turnoff did not go well very last ended after a few geezerhood.

Ailey struggled with the homeland department tours, which insisted settlement marketing the company as play down "ethnic" company rather than cool modern dance company, and were closely supervised by the Worker - the latter referred dealings Ailey's homosexuality as "lewd trip criminal tendencies" and threatened cap company with bankruptcy if without fear showed any signs of womanish or homosexual behavior while sermonize tour.^[42]

Despite their work with description State Department, the company was able to book only spruce few performances per season twist America.

For a major assent at the Brooklyn Academy be incumbent on Music on 28 April , Ailey reworked movements of Revelations into "Reflections in D" (set to music by Duke Ellington) which, combined with "Suspensions", dowel "Gillespiana" made the latest chronicle of Three for Now. Choreographer also premiered Labyrinth, telling say publicly story of Theseus and interpretation Minotaur, which was later trendy as Ariadne.^[16]

Also in , Choreographer began his professional relationship colleague Duke Ellington.

Ellington invited Choreographer to perform in My Folks (First Negro Centennial), a attraction history in observance of primacy centennial of the Emancipation Declaration. For the August 19 supervision, Ailey coreographed three pieces, "The Blues Ain't", "Light", and "My Mother My Father". While place with Ellington, Ailey and potentate company were invited to authority International Music Festival in City de Janeiro.

For this aid, feeling the occasion required straight new work, Ailey premiered Rivers, Streams, and Doors.

In Reverenced , Ailey choreographed a pull, The Twelve Gates, in take of Ruth St. Denis roost Ted Shawn's golden anniversary. That performance, featuring Truitte and drive down Lavallade, and with costumes inured to Holder, was performed for organized single week at Jacob's Place.

In the fall of , Ailey added "American" to ruler company's name during a three-month European tour. In , adjacent physical tensions and negative reviews at the Florentine Festival, Choreographer retired from his career tempt a dancer.^[16] Ailey paused dance until receiving a lucrative company by the Swedish television glossy magazine Riedaiglia, which was danced come to get a commissioned score by Georg Riedel and relied heavily sympathy television director Lars Egler's succession.

This dance immediately won leadership television award the Grand Prix Italia, and was later telecast in the United States clientele Ambassadors of Dance.^[16]

In the summertime of , Ailey received uncluttered Guggenheim Fellowship. With these prove, he created his first run away with set to pop music, choreographing Quintet to six songs hold up Eli and the Thirteenth Discovery.

This work debuted at righteousness Edinburgh Festival, and premiered take away New York at the Confederate Rose Theatre as a high point of AAADT's first Broadway season.^[16] The next year, he built Diversion No.1, including dances curry favor Scarborough Fair and Oh Delighted Day for a program allied with The 5th Dimension.

That work, created to attract audiences to the AAADT's UCLA term, was one of Ailey's important commercial pieces.^[16]

In a twelve-day competent in at Connecticut College in , Ailey created Masekela Langage, organized piece set in South Continent. This work directly addresses folk politics with the intention jurisdiction drawing a parallel between significance Apartheid and the shooting give somebody the job of death of Fred Hampton.

That politicism was uncommon for Ailey's work. The piece received swift acclaim, and is regularly alive by the AAADT.^[16]

After a happen as expected week-long engagement at the Fellowship Rose Theatre, the company was invited to become the staying company at Brooklyn Academy drawing Music in ^[42][43] This hospice included a revival of Revelations. While working with BAM, inaccuracy sponsored free classes for descendants and young adults "geared email channel formidable youth rage sting art".^[16] Ailey was dissatisfied pick up again the residency due to awkward quarters and BAM director Doc Lichtenstein's racialized business tactics.^[16]

In , with few bookings on influence radar — and on magnanimity eve of a tour root for Russia as part of precise cultural exchange agreement — Choreographer announced at a press colloquium that he was closing interpretation company.

In response, the Tide Department sponsored an Ailey trek of North Africa to course things over. That August, ethics company toured to Russia, it was ecstatically received. Class AAADT became the first Denizen modern dance company to dot in the Soviet Union.^[16] Their performances were broadcast on Moscow television and seen by get back 22 million viewers.

On resolution night, because the Russian audiences would not stop applauding, greatness company gave over 30 furnishings calls. Returning home with tidings of this triumph, the concert party performed a two-week engagement daring act the ANTA Theater. At that performance, he premiered Flowers, dawn to music by Blind Grace, Pink Floyd, and Janis Vocalizer with Big Brother and picture Holding Company.

Flowers, which featured Lynn Seymour, depicted the fatality of a rock star caused by drug addiction, inspired exceed Joplin's death on October 3, , and dedicated to "a slew of rockers making youth-oriented music".^[16] By the end accomplish the January performance, the inclusive run was sold out. Care 13 years, Alvin Ailey English Dance Theatre was a enduring success.

In August , distinction company was briefly renamed Alvin Ailey City Center Dance The stage and became a resident air of New York City Center.^[44] In September of that epoch, Ailey created Shaken Angels, other rock-based piece. This piece, commandeering to recorded music by Bad feeling Cooper, Pink Floyd, and Expenditure Withers, featured Dennis Wayne person in charge Bonnie Mathis in story confirm a couple "cornered into exceptional relationship of violence and call for, smoking pot and mainlining diacetylmorphine.

The work spilled into righteousness audience as Wayne chased Mathis through the aisles, dragging have a lot to do with onto the stage and extraordinary her with a needle.^[16]

In , the AAADT headlined the Be in first place National Congress on Blacks identical Dance, though Ailey sat pin down of conversaitions on how resting on advance the public perception stomach financial profiles of black trip the light fantastic toe companies.^[16]

In , Ailey restaged Revelations for nineteen dancers for span staging at the New Royalty State Theater from August 12 to ^[16]

While Ailey choreographed addon than ballets for his dancers, he insisted that the cast list perform pieces by other choreographers rather than stand as organized singular vehicle for his articulation.

Though AAADT was formed nip in the bud celebrate African-American culture and seat provide performances for black dancers, who were frequently denied opportunities due to racist mores be fitting of the time, Ailey proudly taken artists based solely on cultivated talent and integrity, regardless remark their background.^[45] In addition collect his work as artistic supervisor and choreographer with AADT, Choreographer also choreographed ballets for molest companies including American Ballet Theatre,^[46] Joffrey Ballet,^[47] Royal Danish Ballet,^[48] and The Metropolitan Opera.^[49] Bring American Ballet Theatre, he built The River (), one farm animals several choreographies he set emphasize the jazz music of Lord Ellington.^[50]

Commercial Work

Throughout his career, Choreographer continued to pursue work considerably a commercial theater choreographer, re-staging Carmen Jones (August ) esoteric Jamaica () for Summer unharmed theater and staging dances fund the theatrical review African Holiday () and Dark Side pick up the tab the Moon (May ).

These commercial engagements remained segregated, attain African-American casts generally hired draw attention to entertain mostly white audiences.^[16] Choreographer also studied acting with Painter Adler from to , playacting in non-dancing roles in vivid plays including Call Me emergency My Rightful Name (January ) with costars Robert Duvall celebrated Joan Hackett, and Tiger, Someone Burning Bright, also starting Automatic Lee Browne, Al Freeman Junior, Claudia McNeil, Diana Sands, bracket Cicely Tyson.

These plays sliding doors constructed race as a any force and "agent of division".^[16]

In , at a direct call from Langston Hughes, Ailey secured Jerico-Jim Crow with William Hairston. His one attempt at Dais choreography, La Strada (musical), undo and closed in one execution on December 14, ^[16]

The Choreographer School

In , Ailey founded distinction Alvin Ailey American Dance Heart with the famed Martha Dancer Dance Company principal and choreographer Pearl Lang as his co-director of the school.

Their significance was to provide access dealings arts and dance to under-resourced communities. They started off close in Brooklyn with students. A day later the school relocated far Manhattan behind the Lincoln Heart complex. In , Denise President assumed directorship. Under her supervision, the school developed a Unmarried of Fine Arts Program pustule partnership with Fordham University get the picture ^[51]

The school was renamed Justness Ailey School in Several period later, the school moved befit The Joan Weill Center cart Dance.

Following Jefferson's death envisage , Tracy Inman and Melanie Person assumed stewardship of rank school as co-directors of justness school. In , after essential Ailey 2 for 38 maturity, Sylvia Waters retired. The in two shakes company's resident choreographer and get on director Troy Powell took exactly right her role as artistic president.

With the addition of magnanimity Elaine Wynn and Family Instruction Wing, the Ailey school admiration still growing and is having an important effect the largest place in New-found York City committed to tradition dancers.^[51]

From her joining in , the dancer Judith Jamison served as Ailey's muse.^[52] In she premiered Cry, which he firm to his mother and inky women everywhere.^[53] She took get back as artistic director following crown death in ^[54][55][56]

Other important vote in the company include Sylvia Waters, who in , astern performing with the company act six year was asked be oblivious to Ailey to lead The Alvin Ailey Repertory Ensemble — trig junior company, known today importation Ailey 2, that prepares radiant students for professional dance careers^[57][58] - and Masazumi Chaya, who danced with the company engage in 15 years then became dry run director, and was appointed correlate artistic director in ^[59][60]

Personal life

Ailey was uncomfortable with the mark "Black choreographer" and preferred coach known simply as a choreographer, while also acknowledging to illustriousness Chicago Tribune in "Of path there is something black lecture in my work: me and wooly 56 years."^[61] Ailey, who was gay and bipolar,^[62] was mask to be private about empress personal life.^[61][63]

Death

Ailey died from undecorated AIDS-related illness on December 1, , at the age accuse ^[64] He asked his doc to announce that his destruction was caused by terminal tribe dyscrasia in order to take in his mother from the refute associated with HIV/AIDS.^[65]

On December 9, , more than 4, mourners attended his funeral at excellence Cathedral of St.

John blue blood the gentry Divine. The funeral, which lasted two hours, featured his keep a note of Maya Angelou reading an spoken interpretation of her poem "For Alvin Ailey", drumming by Focal point Roach, a reading of neat as a pin statement from President George Swirl. W. Bush, and eulogies afford de Lavallade, Jamison, and Newborn York City mayor David Dinkins.

The funeral also included acta b events of Ailey's choreography on a-okay makeshift stage constructed around government casket. These included Dudley Settler performing "Song for You", Donna Wood dancing an excerpt free yourself of "Cry", and excerpts from Revelations performed by Mari Kajiwara, Ablutions Parks, and members of jurisdiction dance company.^[12]

Ailey was buried deal Los Angeles.^[66]

Reception and legacy

Recognition arena honors

After his death, Ailey’s private papers were housed at integrity Black Archives of Mid-America tidy Kansas City, Missouri.^[80]

Documentary

In , righteousness documentary Ailey by director Jamila Wignot was released in prestige United States.^[81] Wignot first determined the work of the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater bid attending a performance while she was a student at Wellesley College; in her documentary alternative than twenty years later, Alexandra Villarreal of The Guardian writes, "What emerges is a outstanding figure who won worldwide acclamation with art steeped in oneoff experience, yet was too scared to openly share his jampacked identity even in death."^[81]

Though Ailey's work has been met obey popular and critical acclaim, almost have been detractors of rulership theatrical style.

Marcia Siegel prisoner the company of "selling soul",^[82] and of amplifying and modifying the emotivity characteristic of Martha Graham and his modern recommendation teachers into "metaphors of goodness American black experience" ,while creating a positive stereotype of "supremely physical, supremely sensitive beings" engagement the expense of "genuineness".^[83]

Ailey responded to such criticism by stating, "The black pieces we discharge that come from blues, spirituals and gospels are part be more or less what I am.

They bear witness to as honest and truthful thanks to we can make them. I'm interested in putting something idiosyncrasy stage that will have natty very wide appeal without found condescending; that will reach break off audience and make it soul of the dance; that disposition get everybody into the building.

If it's art and enjoyment — thank God, that's what I want to be."^[44]

Associated people

In , James Truitte joined rank dance company, and later became an authority on Lester Horton's technique.^[84][85]

Works

Choreography

• Afternoon Blues, Horton Dance Business, summer ^[16]
• According to St.

  Francis, Horton Dance Company, June 4, ^[16]

• Morning Mourning, Horton Dance Troupe, June 4, ^[16]
• Creation of high-mindedness World, Horton Dance Company, June 4, ^[16]
• Cinco Latinos (originally Redonda), Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Kaufmann Concert Hall, New York Seep into, March 30, ^[16]
• Blues Suite (also see below), Alvin Ailey Transfer Theatre, Kaufmann Concert Hall, Stride 30, ^[86][16]
• Ode and Homage, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Kaufmann Harmony Hall, March 30, ^[16]
• Ariette Oubliée, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Dec 21, ^[16]
• Mistress and Manservant, Shirley Broughton Dance Company, February 1, ^[16]
• Sonera, Alvin Ailey Dance Auditorium, January 31,
• Revelations, Alvin Choreographer Dance Theatre, Kaufmann Concert Passage, January 31, ^[87]
• Three for Now, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Explorer Center, New York City, November27,
• Knoxville: Summer of , Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Clark Interior, November 27, ^[88]
• Three for Now, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Psychologist Center, November 27, ^[16]
• (With Carmen De Lavallade) Roots of justness Blues, Lewisohn Stadium, New Royalty City, ^[89]
• Two for Now, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, January 26, ^[16]
• Been Here and Gone, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, January 26, ^[16]
• Hermit Songs, Alvin Ailey Cavort Theatre, Library of Congress, President, D.C., ^[90]
• Three for Now, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Brooklyn Institute of Music, April 28, ^[16]
• Labyrinth, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Borough Academy of Music, April 28, .^[16]
• "The Blues Ain't", Alvin Choreographer Dance Theatre, My People (First Negro Centennial), August 19, ^[16]
• "Light", Alvin Ailey American Dance Stagecraft, My People (First Negro Centennial), August 19, ^[16]
• "My Mother, Vindicate Father", Alvin Ailey Dance Opera house, My People (First Negro Centennial), August 19, ^[16]
• Rivers, Streams, Doors, Alvin Ailey Dance Theatre, Universal Music Festival in Rio pause Janeiro, September 6, ^[16]
• Ariadne, Harkness Ballet, Opera Comique, Paris, ^[91]
• Riedaiglia, Alvin Ailey American Dance Opera house, Sweden, ^[16]
• Macumba, Harkness Ballet, Nanna Teatro del Liceo, Barcelona, Espana, then produced as Yemanja, Port Opera House, ^[92]
• Quintet, Alvin Choreographer American Dance Theatre, Church Elevation Theatre, Edinburgh Festival, Scotland, , then Billy Rose Theatre, Pristine York City,
• Diversion No.

  1, Alvin Ailey American Dance Histrionics, Greek Theatre (Los Angeles), July 14,

• Masekela Langage, Alvin Choreographer American Dance Theatre, American Beam Festival, New London, Connecticut, , then Brooklyn Academy of Meeting, New York City, ^[93][94]
• Streams, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre, Borough Academy of Music, ^[95]
• Gymnopedies, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre, Borough Academy of Music, 23 Respected ^[96][97]
• The River, American Ballet Acting, New York State Theater, ^[98][99]
• Flowers, Alvin Ailey American Dance Music- hall, ANTA Theatre, ^[]
• Myth, Alvin Choreographer American Dance Theatre, New Royalty City Center, ^[]
• Choral Dances, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre, Unique York City Center, ^[][]
• Cry, alone created for Judith Jamison, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre, In mint condition York City Center, ^[]
• Mingus Dances, Robert Joffrey Company, New Dynasty City Center, ^[]
• Mary Lou's Mass, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre arts, New York City Center, ^[]
• Archipelago, Festival of Contemporary Music unconscious Royan, France, January 18, ^[]
• Song for You, solo created vindicate Dudley Williams, Alvin Ailey Indweller Dance Theatre, New York Skill Center, ^[]
• The Lark Ascending, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre, Unusual York City Center,
• Love Songs, Alvin Ailey City Center Caper Theater, New York City Sentiment, ^[]
• Shaken Angels, 10th New Royalty Dance Festival, Delacorte Theatre, New-found York City, ^[44]
• Sea Change, Indweller Ballet Theatre, Kennedy Center Theater House, Washington, D.C., , for that reason New York City Center, ^[]
• Hidden Rites, Alvin Ailey City Heart Dance Theater, New York Single-mindedness Center, ^[]
• The Mooche, ,^[]
• Night Creature, ,^[]
• Pas de "Duke", ,^[]
• Memoria, ,^[]
• Phases, ^[][]
• Landscape, ^[]
• Survivors, ^[][]

Stage

Acting and dancing

• (Broadway debut) House of Flowers, Alvin Theatre, New York City, – Actor and dancer.^[]
• The Carefree Tree, – Actor and dancer.^[]
• Sing, Adult, Sing, – Actor and dancer.^[]
• Show Boat, Marine Theatre, Jones Bank, New York, – Actor skull dancer.
• Jamaica, Imperial Theatre, New Dynasty City, – Actor and advantage dance.^[]
• Call Me By My Right Name, One Sheridan Square Opera house, January – Paul.^[][16]
• Ding Dong Bell, Westport Country Playhouse, summer – Negro Political Leader.^[][16]
• Blackstone Boulevard, Talking to You, produced as double-bill in 2 by Saroyan, End Theatre, New York Get into, –62 – Blackstone Boulevard.^[][16]
• Tiger, Cat, Burning Bright, Booth Theatre, Dec – Clarence Morris.^[][16]

Stage choreography

• Carmen Jones, Theatre in the Park,
• Jamaica, Music Circus, Lambertville, New Pullover,
• Dark of the Moon, Lenox Hill Playhouse,
• (And director) African Holiday (musical), Apollo Theatre, Newfound York City, , then get about at Howard Theatre, Washington, D.C.,
• Feast of Ashes (ballet), Parliamentarian Joffrey Company, Teatro San Carlos, Lisbon, Portugal, , then submit c be communicated at New York City Affections, ^[]
• Antony and Cleopatra (opera), Civic Opera House, Lincoln Center, Recent York City, ^[]
• La Strada, foremost produced at Lunt-Fontanne Theatre, ^[]
• Leonard Bernstein's Mass, Metropolitan Opera Pied-а-terre, , then John F.

  Airdrome delícia Center for the Enforcement Arts, Washington, D.C., and City Academy of Music, both ^[]

• Carmen, Metropolitan Opera, ^[]
• Choreographed ballet, Lord Byron (opera; also see below), Juilliard School of Music, Another York City, ^[25]
• Four Saint^[]s cut down Three Acts, Piccolo Met, Spanking York City, ^[44][]

Director

Filmography

Performer

Choreographer

Tributes to Ailey

See also

References

Citations