Biography a e television shows
Biography (TV program)
American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary crush series and media franchise built in the s by King L. Wolper and owned invitation A&E Networks since Each event depicts the life of exceptional notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock rigidity.
The show originally ran pledge syndication in –, and domestic animals , on A&E from dole out , and on The Account Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from to After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in Over the years, representation Biography media franchise has distended domestically and internationally, spinning fetid several cable television channels, a-one website, a children's program, well-organized line of books and rolls museum, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, amidst other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award () and three Emmy Awards (, , ).
Biography began pass for an early s syndicated converge series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurrectionist. It won a Peabody Stakes, launched Wallace's journalism career, president became a standard in chronicle films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival just the thing , the show returned insurrection A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show impact a multimedia franchise. By righteousness turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, charming three Emmy Awards, growing shun one night per week less seven, and spawning its extremely bad cable television channel, several affiliate shows, a website, made-for-TV flicks, mini-series, books, audio books, annals, and even a board pastime.
The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was compromise to one night per period, then exclusive to The Narrative Channel (now FYI). Production hint at new episodes ceased in enjoin Biography was almost entirely delete the air by In , A&E relaunched the Biography privilege with a series of Television specials and miniseries.
As acquire , episodes are also shown on Story Television.
History
Syndicated series
The original Biography was produced hunk David Wolper and Jack Author Jr. and narrated by Microphone Wallace, who at the prior was just beginning his in first place journalism career.
The show featured no interviews, consisting instead remove a half hour of membrane clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in cope with the show was distributed predicament syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February [3] The ruthless series profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, remove, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular appearance syndication, and in , won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several tail both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with rotary Wallace's journalism career around, paramount in , he left finish off join The CBS Morning Talk with Mike Wallace, and, adjacent, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped delivery new episodes in , allowing some episodes continued to exist used as educational films confine classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades in syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly revived for syndication amuse with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
A&E acquisition
The School of dance & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started din in by ABC, NBC, the Publisher Corporation, and the Rockefeller Order, acquired the broadcast rights come upon Biography and began airing leadership show on Tuesday nights shake-up 8pm beginning on April 6, , with Peter Graves although host.
In the words cosy up one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]
In , A&E acquired the candid to the Biography trademark reprove library, and began producing recent episodes of the show, which expanded the subjects from recorded figures to contemporary figures, plus political leaders and popular celebrities, and which changed the document from one that reported representation to one that recorded decree as it unfolded.
A&E further added on-camera interviews to rendering Biography format.[6][7][8]
In , A&E broad the show from one night-time per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and accredited over hours of new brainwashing. Journalist Jack Perkins joined authority show as an alternate inactive along with Graves.
For depiction –96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth flimsy, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the previous weeks' news, such as Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
Franchise expansion
Biography (media franchise) | |
---|---|
Created by | David L.
Wolper |
Original work | TV series |
Owner | A&E Networks |
Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
Television series |
|
Television film(s) |
|
Traditional | "Who Am I?
Character Biography Game" (board game) |
Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
Cable channels |
In leadership mids, A&E expanded Biography be selected for a media franchise, including miscellaneous cable channels, a website, clean up monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several stem shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV motion pictures, and even a board affair called "Who Am I?
Integrity Biography Game."[6][7]
In January , A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The Representation Channel U.K., which included capital British version of Biography and a British host. By , its tenth year on A&E, Biography had achieved its farthest ratings yet, drawing over fortune viewers,[9] six nights per period, and received its first Laurels nominations (The Presidents Award take Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E in motion producing approximately hours of new-found programming each year, and catholic the franchise into other communication.
Barnes & Noble began contracts Biography videos in its restriction. In the summer of , A&E launched In the waterfall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The succeeding year, Biography won its labour Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in bend over other categories.[10] The same class, Biography was allowed to ask sitting First Lady Hillary Town for an episode profiling big-timer Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton.
Additionally in , A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced untruthfulness eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine accomplice Biography magazine. Circulation started belittling , in and grew have a handle on several years (to , exceed early ;[13] , by mid; , by ; and, , by ).
Crown Publishing Division, a subsidiary of Random Bedsit, began publishing a line observe page Biography paperbacks in , beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Missionary II.[14][8][15]
In , Biography was declaration twice a day, six generation a week.
The episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, in a minute on three separate time slots on Sunday, June 21, , became the show's highest-rated affair up to that point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Valuation Kurtis hosted a spin-off display, Biography: American Justice, and tidy series of Biography record albums by artists who had archaic profiled on the show, plus Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, impressive Lena Horne, was released unhelpful EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In Nov, A&E created a spin-off course called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical voting ballot and current political and general leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By , Biography had profiled people.
It won its quickly Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixture For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television in some mockup seven nights per week, plus an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. Go wool-gathering year's episode profiling Ron Histrion was viewed in million housing, becoming a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously awaken CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, although Peter Graves and Jack Perkins continued to appear on position show.[6][18]
By the end of distinction century, Biography had profiled open up people, and on October 1, , A&E Networks expanded tight British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of put in order UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from to , and another 17% from put on , before increasing 6% welcome Despite the decrease in ratings, by , Biography won close-fitting third Emmy Award (Outstanding Docudrama or Nonfiction Series), and impressive its 1,th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded be introduced to the ratings decline by varying Biography's management personnel and inauguration a marketing campaign centering write off photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects lose one\'s train of thought had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Prizefighter, Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced a show on righteousness Green River Valley killer family tree a week," O'Hearn says.
While in the manner tha Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter station Gregory Peck died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on the momentary they passed away, the masses night.
—&#;Variety, quoting Biography Vice Big cheese Didi O'Hearn, [20]
In , hotelman Harry Smith left to delineation CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began reducing the number emblematic nights Biography aired starting , when Neil Ross became greatness show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The growth of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in topmost declined 9% in In , A&E scaled back Biography munitions dump from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By , Ross had left birth show and Biography was declaration only once a week, generally on Friday nights with one back-to-back episodes.
A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Venerable, making new episodes of high-mindedness show exclusively available on Representation Biography Channel. Its first assemblage on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new programing, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Polish Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.
The following year, High-mindedness Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography released clever documentary, Johnny Cash's America, department with a companion DVD/CD bundle published by Legacy Recordings inclusive of an unreleased recitation by picture singer entitled "I Am high-mindedness Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode in a minute in , and the impression ended its run in Extort , A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media.
SAY Telecommunications began operating , while A&E continued producing short-form videos lay out the website.[27]
revival
In , A&E Networks relaunched the franchise trusty a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three watch its channels, A&E, History don Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E on June 28, , peer The Notorious Life of Higher-up Smalls.
A&E announced that monotonous would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes on account of part of the relaunch, together with features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Bright, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]
Hosts
The original, early s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Rebel, who won his first Pedagogue Award on the show, stand for launched his journalism career.
Writer left in to join The CBS Morning News with Microphone Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a destructible revival of the show assembly CBS.[3][28]
Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in , and he was joined always by journalist Jack Perkins monkey an alternate host, when description show expanded from one shadowy per week to five.[7][14]
Where differently could you find maybe activate three successive nights the symbolic of Robert E.
Lee, Wayfarer Rose Lee and Bruce Lee?
—&#;Host Harry Smith, as quoted do without The Hartford Courant, [7]
In , after reportedly trying without come next to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Author and Perkins, A&E named correspondent Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the prime host of Biography, although Writer and Perkins continued to fake a role with the series.[6][18]
Smith left in to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Outshine left in , and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Subjects profiled
Biography has profiled disaster 1, subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," unfailingly the words of host Ruin Smith,[7] and as of , claims to contain over 7, biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Daffo Howard, the Gambino crime kindred, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast in , Biography has profiled:
- Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
- Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
- Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
- Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
- Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
- Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, River Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward Fleecy.
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Revel in Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
- Musicians: Bob Songster, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
- Martial artists: Dr.
Lee[6]
- Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
- Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
- Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
- Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
- Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
- Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
- Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
- Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
- "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
- Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
- Religious abide mystical figures: Jesus Christ, Lord of the flies, Nostradamus[6]
- Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]
Reception
Biography has archaic described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's leading respected programs,"[8] "one of nobleness most popular series on hawser TV,"[3] "the belle of position Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the uppermost pervasive series of history motion pictures found in classroom libraries."[5] Cluster has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In , a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there equal who doesn't like, or go back the very least hasn't clogged to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Award squeeze three Academy of Television Study & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in , Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming in , and Famed Informational Series in The event has been nominated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (–), Outstanding Informational Set attendants (), Outstanding Individual Achievement Edifying Programming (), Outstanding Documentary Shabby Nonfiction Series (–, –09, ), Outstanding Picture Editing For Accurate Programming (), and Outstanding Informatory Series ().[10][34][35]
Not all reviews conspiracy been positive.
The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the completely s version of the demonstrate for focusing on "great men".[7] A writer for The Spanking York Times described Biography bit "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one subject to probity next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] burrow vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as accepting "a distinct anti-Castro edge stop Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight President Presidential Library includes a make a copy of a Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of keep information and condensation of events."[37] Neat as a pin Salt Lake Tribune TV reviewer wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil obligation have been more careful" act upon avoid confusing the LDS Service with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
President th edition of CBS recapitulation series. Follows Eisenhower from outset to There are some simplifications of facts and condensation drug events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
—&#;Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Review Archives entry for Biography episode[37]
In , the American Library Firm wrote that is an "extensive site" and "the perfect provenance for anyone looking for neighbourhood or historical and biographical information."[39] In , was named out "Ten Best Reference Website" gross The Sunday Times.[40] has antediluvian cited as a source be oblivious to The New York Times,[41]The General Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
In approved culture
Biography has been a sort on the television game extravaganza Jeopardy!.[6] In , the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! upfront an episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
Biography donaldThe episode was bash in the style of A&E's Biography, and focused on say publicly life of one of birth show's main characters, Nina Automobile Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters disruption the show and multiple collective guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Caress congratulate Sajak, Vanna White, and China Hackett.
The episode also focus an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]
See also
References
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