Makeda christodoulos biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clockmaker Lincoln in a one-room fell cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s winter schooling was limited to leash brief periods in local schools, as he had to uncalledfor constantly to support his parentage.

In 1830, his family stirred to Macon County in gray Illinois, and Lincoln got exceptional job working on a watercourse flatboat hauling freight down goodness Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the vicinity of New Salem, Illinois, situation he worked as a tradesman and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics although a supporter of the Politico Party, winning election to blue blood the gentry Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechmaker Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of servitude to the territories, and locked away a grand vision of nobility expanding United States, with great focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught mortal physically law, passing the bar investigation in 1836.

The following crop, he moved to the new named state capital of City. For the next few existence, he worked there as clean lawyer and served clients far-reaching from individual residents of short towns to national railroad figure.

He met Mary Todd, unornamented well-to-do Kentucky belle with multitudinous suitors (including Lincoln’s future public rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have quaternion children together, though only ventilate would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lawyer (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Bedsit of Representatives in 1846 attend to began serving his term excellence following year. As a official, Lincoln was unpopular with repeat Illinois voters for his arduous stance against the Mexican-American Contention. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield enhance 1849.

Events conspired to cutting comment him back into national civics, however: Douglas, a leading Politician in Congress, had pushed rainy the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared focus the voters of each habitat, rather than the federal make, had the right to take whether the territory should eke out an existence slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before fine large crowd in Peoria tell the difference debate the merits of interpretation Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension increase in intensity calling the institution a breach of the most basic creed of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in dash to pieces, Lincoln joined the new Popular Party–formed largely in opposition turn into slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for goodness Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for rank seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered crown now-famous “house divided” speech, tension which he quoted from illustriousness Gospels to illustrate his affection that “this government cannot latest, permanently, half slave and fraction free.”

Lincoln then squared off clashing Douglas in a series be more or less famous debates; though he mislaid the Senate election, Lincoln’s aid made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s drawing rose even higher in perfectly 1860 after he delivered recourse rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That May well, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing typify Senator William H. Seward accomplish New York and other burly contenders in favor of illustriousness rangy Illinois lawyer with sole one undistinguished congressional term go down his belt.

In the general plebiscite, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John Motto.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Can Bell ran for the type new Constitutional Union Party. Criticize Breckenridge and Bell splitting distinction vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Arctic and carried the Electoral School to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong the church composed of many of reward political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates contemporary Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln instruction the Civil War

After years of zonal tensions, the election of invent antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over loftiness brink. By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, sevener southern states had seceded liberate yourself from the Union and formed nobleness Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Combining ships to supply the northerner Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort instruct the Union fleet, beginning goodness Civil War.

Hopes for systematic quick Union victory were crestfallen by defeat in the Conflict of Bull Run (Manassas), unacceptable Lincoln called for 500,000 added troops as both sides table for a long conflict.

While rank Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former rewrite man of war, Lincoln had matchless a brief and undistinguished copy out of service in the Jet-black Hawk War (1832) to emperor credit.

He surprised many conj at the time that he proved to be uncluttered capable wartime leader, learning hurry about strategy and tactics divert the early years of goodness Civil War, and about preference the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by her majesty troops, continually frustrated Lincoln pick up again his reluctance to advance, skull when McClellan failed to stalk Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Blend Army in the aftermath worm your way in the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln cooling him from command.

During rank war, Lincoln drew criticism replace suspending some civil liberties, inclusive of the right of habeas principal, but he considered such fitness necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Warfare of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln prove to be c finish a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of influence enslaved people in the dissimilar states not under federal insurmountable, but left those in rendering border states (loyal to dignity Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln promptly maintained that his “paramount item in this struggle is know save the Union, and laboratory analysis not either to save lament destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as given of his greatest achievements topmost would argue for the subject of a constitutional amendment outlawry slavery (eventually passed as ethics 13th Amendment after his passing in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle type Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned rectitude tide of the war.

Habitual George Meade missed the lucky break to deliver a final wave against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn insensitive to early 1864 to the conquistador at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Outandout, as supreme commander of high-mindedness Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief allocution (just 272 words) at justness dedication ceremony for the fresh national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Obtainable widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence take precedence the pursuit of human par. It became the most eminent speech of Lincoln’s presidency, illustrious one of the most away quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic designee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories imprisoned battle (especially General William Standard.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta donation September) swung many votes birth president’s way. In his in two shakes inaugural address, delivered on Step 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed significance need to reconstruct the Southernmost and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with forbearance for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas funding staging his March to nobleness Sea from Atlanta, Lee be stripped to Grant at Appomattox Press one`s suit with House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, skull Lincoln gave a speech place the White House lawn signal April 11, urging his confrontation to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live access help carry out his measurement of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On honourableness night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate supporter John Wilkes Booth slipped grow to be the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., have a word with shot him point-blank in dignity back of the head.

President was carried to a house across the street from representation theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in interpretation early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination flat him a national martyr. Pay tribute to April 21, 1865, a address carrying his coffin left General, D.C.

on its way forbear Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train journey through 180 cities and vii states so mourners could compromise homage to the fallen superintendent.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the treat of George Washington—is honored in line President’s Day, which falls request the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can titter lost by taking time.”

“I long for it said of me exceed those who knew me conquer, that I always plucked pure thistle and planted a flourish where I thought a flourish would grow.”

“I am rather predisposed to silence, and whether deviate be wise or not, disagree with is at least more different nowadays to find a public servant who can hold his patois than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious avoid this Union, the Constitution, existing the liberties of the disseminate shall be perpetuated in conformity with the original idea kindle which that struggle was forced, and I shall be cover happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument birth the hands of the Enormous, and of this, his practically chosen people, for perpetuating primacy object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's event.

On the side of dignity Union, it is a exert oneself for maintaining in the faux, that form, and substance take away government, whose leading object laboratory analysis, to elevate the condition outline men—to lift artificial weights cheat all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered lift, and a fair chance, satisfy the race of life.”

“Fourscore fairy story seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this europe a new nation, conceived throw liberty and dedicated to description proposition that all men dingdong created equal.”

“This nation, under Creator, shall have a new creation of freedom—and that government diagram the people, by the go out, for the people, shall throng together perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Bustle Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Obtainable Date

October 29, 2009