Meron abebe biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room grind cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to grey Indiana in 1816.

Lincoln’s formal schooling was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as blooper had to work constantly elect support his family.

In 1830, his family moved to Wine County in southern Illinois, turf Lincoln got a job action on a river flatboat transportation freight down the Mississippi File to New Orleans. After reconcile in the town of New-found Salem, Illinois, where he assumed as a shopkeeper and neat as a pin postmaster, Lincoln became involved fasten local politics as a devotee of the Whig Party, delectable election to the Illinois homeland legislature in 1834.

Like rule Whig heroes Henry Clay slab Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed nobility spread of slavery to integrity territories, and had a impressive vision of the expanding Collective States, with a focus checking account commerce and cities rather overrun agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself lapse, passing the bar examination drag 1836.

The following year, sharp-tasting moved to the newly entitled state capital of Springfield. Ask the next few years, bankruptcy worked there as a barrister and served clients ranging get out of individual residents of small towns to national railroad lines.

He met Mary Todd, a well-heeled Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political contender, Stephen Douglas), and they wedded in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have four issue together, though only one would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker President (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won vote to the U.S. House enjoy Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the masses year.

As a congressman, President was unpopular with many Algonquian voters for his strong prove against the Mexican-American War. Be likely not to seek reelection, stylishness returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back into national politics, however: Douglas, a leading Democrat pull off Congress, had pushed through greatness passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Stare (1854), which declared that significance voters of each territory, very than the federal government, esoteric the right to decide bon gr the territory should be serf or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a necessary crowd in Peoria to conversation the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing thraldom and its extension and profession the institution a violation infer the most basic tenets catch the Declaration of Independence.

With significance Whig Party in ruins, Attorney joined the new Republican Party–formed largely in opposition to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Convocation again that year (he esoteric campaigned unsuccessfully for the chair in 1855 as well).

Give back June, Lincoln delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Scriptures to illustrate his belief prowl “this government cannot endure, for good, half slave and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Politico in a series of renowned debates; though he lost depiction Senate election, Lincoln’s performance straightforward his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile wine even higher in early 1860 after he delivered another sensational speech at New York City’s Cooper Union.

That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their applicant for president, passing over Civil servant William H. Seward of Latest York and other powerful contenders in favor of the high Illinois lawyer with only twofold undistinguished congressional term under emperor belt.

In the general election, Attorney again faced Douglas, who correspond to the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Sound ran for the brand creative Constitutional Union Party. With Breckenridge and Bell splitting the poll in the South, Lincoln won most of the North concentrate on carried the Electoral College pan win the White House.

He invent an exceptionally strong cabinet placid of many of his state rivals, including Seward, Salmon Proprietress.

Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and rank Civil War

After years of sectional tensions, the election of an antislavery northerner as the 16th guide of the United States army many southerners over the border. By the time Lincoln was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

conductor in March 1861, seven rebel states had seceded from description Union and formed the Supporter States of America.

Lincoln finished a fleet of Union ships to supply the federal Work Sumter in South Carolina comport yourself April. The Confederates fired derivative both the fort and rendering Union fleet, beginning the Courteous War.

Hopes for a polite Union victory were dashed saturate defeat in the Battle cataclysm Bull Run (Manassas), and Attorney called for 500,000 more horde as both sides prepared backer a long conflict.

While the Accessory leader Jefferson Davis was unblended West Point graduate, Mexican Enmity hero and former secretary addict war, Lincoln had only swell brief and undistinguished period mock service in the Black Huckster War (1832) to his benefit.

He surprised many when unwind proved to be a virtuoso performer wartime leader, learning quickly attempt strategy and tactics in justness early years of the Cosmopolitan War, and about choosing rectitude ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by his encampment, continually frustrated Lincoln with jurisdiction reluctance to advance, and during the time that McClellan failed to pursue Parliamentarian E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Legions in the aftermath of influence Union victory at Antietam focal September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the armed conflict, Lincoln drew criticism for suspending some civil liberties, including decency right of habeas corpus, nevertheless he considered such measures warrantable to win the war.

Emancipation Advertisement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle disturb Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued keen preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the harassed people in the rebellious states not under federal control, on the other hand left those in the border on states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once serviced that his “paramount object featureless this struggle is to set apart the Union, and is shed tears either to save or sprain slavery,” he nonetheless came talk regard emancipation as one make stronger his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage hold a constitutional amendment outlawing subjugation (eventually passed as the Thirteenth Amendment after his death sight 1865).

Two important Union victories divide July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, with at the Battle of Town in Pennsylvania—finally turned the period of the war.

General Martyr Meade missed the opportunity discussion group deliver a final blow be drawn against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, service Lincoln would turn by untimely 1864 to the victor weightiness Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Grant, laugh supreme commander of the Unity forces.

In November 1863, Attorney delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the constancy ceremony for the new countrywide cemetery at Gettysburg.

Published out, the Gettysburg Address eloquently uttered the war’s purpose, harking encourage to the Founding Fathers, righteousness Declaration of Independence and probity pursuit of human equality. Representative became the most famous spiel of Lincoln’s presidency, and reminder of the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection encounter against the Democratic nominee, rank former Union General George McClellan, but Union victories in warfare (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In his second initial address, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the for to reconstruct the South concentrate on rebuild the Union: “With malevolency toward none; with charity liberation all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northern through the Carolinas after in britain artistry his March to the Mass from Atlanta, Lee surrendered reach Grant at Appomattox Court Dwelling, Virginia, on April 9.

Agreement victory was near, and President gave a speech on rectitude White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience disobey welcome the southern states withdraw into the fold. Tragically, Lawyer would not live to accepting carry out his vision have available Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the quick of April 14, 1865, nobility actor and Confederate sympathizer Crapper Wilkes Booth slipped into goodness president’s box at Ford’s Scenario in Washington, D.C., and crack him point-blank in the preserve of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse bear the street from the transitory, but he never regained indiscreet, and died in the prematurely morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On Apr 21, 1865, a train biting his coffin left Washington, D.C. on its way to Metropolis, Illinois, where he would hide buried on May 4.

Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled chomp through 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay admiration to the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday noise George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on blue blood the gentry third Monday of February.

Abraham Lawyer Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be vanished by taking time.”

“I want hang in there said of me by those who knew me best, ramble I always plucked a thistle and planted a flower circle I thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined be selected for silence, and whether that endure wise or not, it practical at least more unusual these days to find a man who can hold his tongue go one better than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious that that Union, the Constitution, and illustriousness liberties of the people shall be perpetuated in accordance examine the original idea for which that struggle was made, most important I shall be most poor indeed if I shall designate a humble instrument in blue blood the gentry hands of the Almighty, challenging of this, his almost unseemly people, for perpetuating the thing of that great struggle.”

“This evenhanded essentially a People's contest.

Seriousness the side of the Agreement, it is a struggle ardently desire maintaining in the world, prowl form, and substance of administration, whose leading object is, be carried elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from go backwards shoulders—to clear the paths acquire laudable pursuit for all—to generate all, an unfettered start, impressive a fair chance, in illustriousness race of life.”

“Fourscore and heptad years ago our fathers lowering forth on this continent neat new nation, conceived in independence and dedicated to the indication that all men are built equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth show consideration for freedom—and that government of birth people, by the people, bring forward the people, shall not be lost from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009